New Electrical Installations in Commercial Enterprises
Electrical system is a critical part for every commercial facility. The
lighting, air conditioning, CCTV set up, security-fire alarms and computer sets
systematically arranged in an office require comprehensive planning and
investment. All wiring, cable installation, fitting-off and testing are
essential parts of the work. The exterior premises such as the parking lots are
no less important and may require large lighting poles to ensure sufficient vision
during night.
Most electrical appliances and equipment are marked to indicate their
nominal power rating. The installed power is the sum of all power consuming
devices in the facility. However, this is not the power to be actually supplied
in practice. For instance in electric motors, the power rating refers to the
output power at its driving shaft, though the input power is greater. In case
of fluorescent and discharge lamps have nominal power indicated which is less
than the power consumed by the lamp and its ballast.
The total power demand for the facility is calculated from the data relative
to location and power of each load along with the knowledge of the operating
modes. Local information concerning tariff structures is also needed to choose
the best connection arrangement for power supply network.
Neutral earthing arrangements are selected as per local regulations,
constraints related to the power supply and the type of loads. The distribution
equipment comprising of switch-gears, panel-boards and circuit connections are
determined from building plans and from location of loads.
Before a commercial facility connects an installation to its supply network,
it calls for mandatory pre-commissioning electrical tests and visual
inspections by an appointed agent or authority. Such tests are made according
to local governmental or institutional regulations. The principles of such
regulations are based on the observance of rigorous safety rules in the design
and realization of the installation.
Electrical tests and visual inspection checks for a new installation in commercial enterprises include:
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Testing is a significant part of new installations in all commercial
enterprises as it concerns the safety of numerous employees and visitors.
General and emergency lighting, security systems and alarm installations need
to be fool proof.
Also, business organisations cannot afford much loss of productivity due to
sudden system failure and need to ensure complete suitability of installation
before its actual use.
